For third world artists who are forced into exile, the creativity process could be greatly challenged due to displacement in language, community and history. Many filmmakers in exile tend to look at their connection to the homeland in strictly political terms, or give up making films overall.
Shirin Neshat is an Iranian visual artist who works and resides in New York City. Her work refers to the social, political and religious codes of Muslim societies. She particularly addresses the psychological dimensions of women's experience in contemporary islamic societies. Using Persian poetry and calligraphy she has examined concepts such as martyrdom, space of exile, and the issues of identity and femininity.